1949年，中国文盲率高达80%。新中国建立后，1949年12月第一次全国教育工作会议决定：从1951年开始，开展全国规模的识字运动。在农村，农民利用冬季农闲时间组织“冬学”。这是1951年，河北省定县翟城村参加“冬学”的学员们在上课。
In 1949, more than 80% of Chinese citizens were illiterate. At the first national education work conference in December 1949, just after the founding of new China, authorities decided to begin a nationwide campaign in 1951 to teach the public Chinese characters.
In rural areas, farmers use their slack time to organize “winter learning sessions.” In this photo, taken in the first winter of the campaign, farmers are learning a new lesson in Zhaicheng Village, Dingxian County, in north China’s Hebei Province.
曹兴华 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Cao Xinghua)
在扫盲工作轰轰烈烈开展的同时，基础教育也越来越广泛而正规。这是1953年9月，北京市南苑区人民政府红星集体农庄里一所小学孩子们上课的情景。红星集体农庄为了便于适龄孩子入学，积极筹办小学，使当地90％的学龄儿童得以上学。
As the campaign gains steam, basic education becomes more extensive and standardized. Here, pupils attend elementary school in Hongxing Collective Village under the auspices of Beijing’s Nanyuan District People’s Government in September 1953. The village raises money to build elementary schools, ensuring that 90 percent of local children are able to go to school.
喻惠如 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/ Yu Huiru)
1955年9月2日，清华大学的597名大学生接到了分配工作的派遣书。这是水能利用专业的毕业生们话别的场景。
On Sept. 2, 1955, 597 Tsinghua University students received dispatch letters for their designated jobs. The photo shows new graduates, specializing in hydropower, at a farewell party.
毛松友 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Mao Songyou)
1955年8月10日，上海第二医学院的学生开始暑期实习。这是他们在仁济医院徐志达医师（中）指导下研究X光片，分析病例。
On Aug. 10, 1955, students at Shanghai Second Medical College began their summer internships. Here, they examine an x-ray under the guidance of doctor Xu Zhida (middle) from Renji Hospital.
范杰 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Fan Jie)
1958年2月27日，新中国开始推行范围更广的扫盲工作。福建省闽江两岸的水上居民，长期住在船上，文盲比例很高。随着扫盲工作的深入，越来越多的居民开始认字。这是1958年，福建省福州市的水上居民在练习写字。
A more extensive literacy campaign began on Feb. 27, 1958. Among those living in boats along the Minjiang River in east China’s Fujian, the rate of illiteracy was especially high. The photo shows residents of boats in Fuzhou City, the provincial capital, learning to write Chinese characters.
潘其西 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Pan Qixi)
1960年，在安徽省肖县举行的工农业余教育拼写竞赛大会上，53岁的邵泽潭和他6岁的儿子分别用汉字和拼音字母，同时书写“老子英雄儿好汉”。
In 1960, at a competition for workers and farmers in Xiaoxian County of east China’s Anhui Province, Shao Zetan, 53, and his 6-year-old son are writing the Chinese characters “Lao zi ying xiong’er hao han,” (The father is a hero and the son is a great man) in both Chinese characters and pinyin (the Chinese phonetic alphabet).
张文礼 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Zhang Wenli)
1964年，中国多个省、自治区、直辖市的农村普遍举办了简易小学。这些小学办学形式多样，课程精简集中，便于儿童就近入学。这是河北省阳原县的农村简易小学师生在做课间操。
In 1964, simple elementary schools were established in rural areas. These schools have a variety of styles but their curricula are concise and intense. Here, teachers and students do exercises between classes at a rural elementary school in Yangyuan County, north China’s Hebei Province.
田明 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Tian Ming)
1964年9月，贵州省清镇县马郎公社成立了巡回耕读小学。白天教师在教学点上课，晚上到学生家个别辅导。这是当地教师黄建伦在学生家里辅导功课。
In September 1964, a circuit elementary school was established in Malang People’s Commune of Qingzhen County in southwest China’s Guizhou Province. It allows children who cannot go to a full-time school to study part-time. Teachers teach at school in the daytime and visit students in need in the evening. This photo shows Huang Jianlun tutoring students in their home.
王翼南 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Wang Yinan)
1973年，天津市红桥区的文化宫和俱乐部配合学校教育，提供场所供孩子们开展各种有益身心健康的活动。这是红桥区幼儿园的孩子在俱乐部做套圈游戏。
In 1973, the cultural palaces and clubs of Hongqiao District of north China’s Tianjin Municipality provided extracurricular activities in cooperation with local schools. In this photo, children from Hongqiao kindergarten play hoopla in a club.
（来自新华社）(Xinhua photo)
中国于1955年开始试办青少年业余体育学校，利用课余时间对青少年进行专项运动教学。这是1974年，上海市青少年业余体育学校游泳班的学员在进行训练。
China began to encourage teenagers to take up sports in 1955. This photo shows a training session for the members of the swimming class at a Shanghai amateur sport training school in 1974.
（来自新华社）(Xinhua photo)
1977年9月，中国教育部在北京召开全国高等学校招生工作会议，决定恢复已经停止了10年的全国高等院校招生考试，以统一考试、择优录取的方式选拔人才上大学。1978年2月，恢复高考后的第一批大学生进入大学校门。这是清华大学1977级的学生在课堂上。
In September 1977, China’s Ministry of Education held a national conference on college enrollment. The conference decided to resume the gaokao (the national entrance exam to college), which had been suspended for 10 years. In February 1978, the first students went to college. This photo shows the class of 1977 at Tsinghua University, Beijing.
（来自新华社）(Xinhua photo)
1977年10月，中国政府对高校招生工作进行了重大改革。新的招生办法扩大了招生范围，提高了对考生的文化水平的要求，坚持德智体全面衡量、择优录取的原则。1978年，中国科学技术大学从德、智、体全面衡量，录取了20名成绩优秀、年龄在16岁以下的少年，并根据他们的特点因材施教，开设少年班。这是课余时间，几名少年班的学生在下围棋。
In October 1977, a major reform of college enrollment began, extending the range of enrollment and raising the bar for students sitting the gaokao. Colleges were required to select the best students in terms of their moral, intellectual and physical fitness. In 1978, the University of Science and Technology of China launched a “juvenile class” and enrolled 20 students under the age of 16. This photo shows students from the class playing Go during their break.
吕淑梅 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Lyu Shumei)
新中国成立后，在“全党全民办学”和“两条腿走路”办学方针的指导下，全国各地的厂矿企业都纷纷办起职工子弟学校。1978年，喜马拉雅山海拔5000米的西藏曲错公路日当养路段办起了一所职工子弟小学，使全养路段所有适龄儿童都入了学。这是孩子们户外活动的场景。
Factories run schools for the children of their employees under the guidance of national policy, amid a government call for more schools to be established. In 1978, such an elementary school was built near the Rithang section of the Chogtso road in southwest China’s Tibet Autonomous Region. Situated 5,000 meters above sea level in the Himalayas, the school was built for the children of road maintenance workers. All school-age children were able to attend.
顾绶康 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Gu Shoukang)
恢复高考的同时，中国政府重视发展基础教育，在全国普及小学教育，截至1978年，学龄儿童入学率达到95.5%。这是1979年5月北京景山学校二年级一班的学生在课堂上学习。
As the gaokao resumes, the government devotes considerable energy to basic education, with elementary schools going up all over the country. By 1978, 95.5% of school-age children attended school. This photo shows students at Beijing Jingshan School in class in May, 1979.
顾德华 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Gu Dehua)
1979年7-8月，全国托幼工作会议在北京召开，中国政府决定逐步健全幼儿教育管理机构。这是1982年10月，中国儿童少年活动中心的小朋友在一架备有风景录像和飞机声响的模拟客舱上体验“飞行”乐趣。
A conference on nurseries and kindergartens was held in Beijing from July to August 1979. The Chinese government decided to gradually expand and perfect preschool education.
Here, children experience “flying” in a simulated aircraft cabin equipped with recorded views and sound of an aircraft in October, 1982.
杨飞 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Yang Fei)
20世纪70年代末开始，中国政府积极推进群众体育和学校体育教育，体育课成为大中小学的重要课程之一。这是1982年3月17日，被评为全国优秀体育教师的李冠莲（右一）在给学生纠正高低杠动作。
From the late 1970s, sports were actively promoted among the public and in schools. Physical education became important in colleges, middle and elementary schools. The photo shows Li Guanlian, honored as “National Excellent Sports Teacher,” assisting a student on the uneven bars on March 17, 1982.
李玉龙 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Li Yulong)
自20世纪80年代起，中国改革开放政策促进了来华留学教育事业的蓬勃发展。这是1985年1月，在北京中医学院学习的孟加拉国留学生（中）和法国留学生（右）在北京东直门中医院实习针灸疗法。
Since the 1980s, reform and opening-up has expanded education of overseas students in China. Here, students from Bangladesh (Center) and France (R) at Beijing University of Chinese Medicine practice acupuncture at Beijing Dongzhimen Hospital for Traditional Chinese Medicine.
袁汝逊 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Yuan Ruxun)
1986年，中国的《义务教育法》第九条规定：“地方各级人民政府为盲、聋哑和智障儿童、少年举办特殊教育学校（班）”，在立法上把残疾儿童列为了义务教育的对象。这是1987年4月，北京市第一聋哑学校有残存听力的一年级学生使用组合式的语言训练设备进行听说训练。这些原来只能说单词的孩子，经过助听器的帮助和老师的悉心施教，半年后已能说出不同类型的句子和完整的话。
In 1986, China’s compulsory education law stipulated that local governments should provide special education schools or classes for speech, hearing or vision impaired students and those with other learning difficulties, including children with disabilities in the compulsory education system.
This photo shows first grade students using language training equipment at the Beijing No.1 School for Deaf and Mute Students in April 1987. With the help of the equipment and the teacher, they learned to converse adequately after only six month of training.
顾德华 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Gu Dehua)
1982年,中国的北京师范大学、清华大学、北京大学、华东师范大学、复旦大学的附属中学作为试点学校开设BASIC语言选修课，中国中小学计算机教育也由此开始。这是1988年6月，广西壮族自治区南宁市第三中学的同学们在学习电脑课程。
In 1982, schools attached to Beijing Normal University, Tsinghua University, Peking University, East China Normal University and Fudan University began teaching BASIC as an optional course, the beginning of computer education in middle and elementary schools. This photo shows students of the Nanning No.3 High School learning how to operate computers in Nanning, capital of south China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
熊春雷 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Xiong Chunlei)
20世纪80年代，中国教师资源配置状况持续改善。湖南省湘西土家族苗族自治州吉首民族师范学校为山区培育了大批少数民族教师。这是1988年11月18日，该学校苗族学生在读书。
In the 1980s, teacher resources improved. In central China’s Hunan Province, for example, Jishou Normal School for Nationalities in Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture trained a lot of ethnic minority teachers for local schools. This photo shows Miao students in the school on Nov. 18, 1988.
龙启云 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Long Qiyun)
1989年10月30日，针对中国许多贫困儿童不能上学和辍学的情况，中国共青团中央和中国青少年发展基金会宣布通过社会集资，建立救助贫困地区失学少年的基金，资助家庭困难的孩子，实施“希望工程”。
On Oct. 30, 1989, the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Youth League and the China Youth Development Foundation announced that they would raise funds to help drop-outs in impoverished areas and aid children from poor families, named “Project Hope.”
左图：1991年4月，安徽省金寨县桃岭乡三合中心学校小学生苏明娟在认真听课。这张照片成为“希望工程”的形象标志。
Left: in April 1991, Su Mingjuan, a student of Sanhe Central School in Jinzhai County in east China’s Anhui Province, listens attentively in class. The photo becomes the signature photo of Project Hope.
解海龙 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Xie Hailong)
右图：2018年5月30日，就职于中国工商银行安徽省分行的苏明娟，来到母校安徽省金寨县三合实验学校和金寨县先瑞红军小学，看望那里的学生。这是苏明娟与当年的照片合影。
Right: On May 30, 2018, Su Mingjuan, now working in the Anhui Branch of the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, paid a visit to her alma maters: the Sanhe Experimental School and Xianrui Red Army Soldiers’ Elementary School, both in Jinzhai. The photo shows Su posing for a picture with her younger self.
王从启 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Wang Congqi)
20世纪90年代，山东省淄博市淄川地区优先发展农村初级中等义务教育，比国家规定提前7年实现普及初级中等义务教育，中小学入学率分别为99.9％和100％，全区青壮年非文盲率达97.7％。这是1994年9月，山东省淄博市淄川区太和乡宋家村儿童在新教室外合影。
In the 1990s, rural middle school education was a priority for Zibo City in east China’s Shandong Province. Attendance rates at middle and elementary schools stood at 99.9% and 100%, respectively, and literacy among young adults reached 97.7%. This photo shows children in Songjiacun Village outside their new classroom in September 1994.
李锦 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Li Jin)
辽宁省沈阳市球迷协会会长黄祖刚等人创办了中国第一所私立足球学校——绿茵东北风足球学校。这是1989年3月20日，首批被录取的学员在接受训练。
Huang Zugang, head of the football fans’ association of Shenyang, capital of northeast China’s Liaoning Province, helps establish China’s first private football school. This photo shows the first group of students at a training session on March 20, 1989.
李永宏 摄（来自新华社） (Xinhua/Li Yonghong)
1989年，中国儿童少年基金会发起并组织实施了一项救助贫困地区失学女童重返校园的社会公益项目——“春蕾计划”。宁夏回族自治区自1994年开始实施“春蕾计划”，倾力救助失学女童，使众多失学、辍学的回族女童重返校园。这是2002年8月25日，宁夏回族自治区西海固地区泾源县香水镇的失学回族女童马海霞在返校前露出微笑。
In 1989, the China Children and Teenagers’ Fund began the Spring Bud Plan to help girl drop-outs in impoverished areas get back to school. In Northwest China’s Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, many Hui girls return to school thanks to the Spring Bud Plan. The photo shows Ma Haixia ready to go back to school Jingyuan Township, one of the poorest areas in Ningxia.
王广壮 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Wang Guangzhuang)
1999年，教育部出台《面向21世纪教育振兴行动计划》，高校招生规模快速增长，高学历层次的人才不断增多。1999年也是新浙江大学成立后首次招考研究生，招生人数达2千多人，居全国高校研究生招生规模之首。新浙江大学成立后，科研实力增强，学科门类更加齐全。这是1999年1月30日，考生在应考浙江大学硕士研究生。
In 1999, the Ministry of Education launched an action plan to work on “education towards the 21st century” and greatly expanded college enrollment. The year also saw the reorganized Zhejiang University enroll graduate students for the first time, with more than 2,000 admitted, the most in China at that time. After the reshuffle, in which Zhejiang University merged with several other colleges, research improved, and it had a wider variety of disciplines. This photo shows a student preparing for graduate school application at the university on Jan. 30, 1999.
王定昶 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Wang Dingchang)
1995年，“211工程”启动，这是新中国成立以来在高等教育领域进行的重点建设工程，目标是面向21世纪、重点建设100所左右的高等学校和一批重点学科。这些院校在教育质量、人才培养、科学研究、管理水平和办学效益率先进入国际先进行列，带动中国高等教育的发展。这是2008年11月19日，中国科学院化学部院士、北京大学教授黄春辉（左）带领她的学生从事稀土配位化学和分子基功能膜材料方面的研究。
In 1995, “Project 211” targeted higher education, with the aim of building about 100 universities and colleges and expanding disciplines. Some of these universities and colleges became highly regarded internationally. This photo shows Huang Chunhui (L), an academician of the chemistry division of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a professor at Peking University, helping a research student in rare earth chemistry and in molecular film materials.
高学余 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Gao Xueyu)
2009年秋季开学后，广西隆林县约5.7万名义务教育阶段的特困生领到了免费教科书。这是2009年8月31日，位于广西隆林各族自治县者浪乡的么窝希望小学女童班的少数民族学生展示刚领到的新课本。
In the fall semester of 2009, about 57,000 needy students eligible for compulsory education received free textbooks in Longlin County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Students posed for a group picture with their new textbooks in Mewo Hope Elementary School on Aug. 31, 2009.
林斌 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Lin Bin)
新中国成立以来，内蒙古自治区民族教育事业从初步创立、平稳发展到跨进现代教育资源网络共享的新时期。自治区民族教育已形成从幼儿教育到高等教育、层次结构合理、具有鲜明民族特色的办学体系。这是2009年10月21日，内蒙古自治区锡林郭勒盟西乌珠穆沁旗蒙古小学一年级学生在数学课上。
Education in north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, almost nonexistent at the founding of new China, went through phases of establishment, development, and now resource sharing on the Internet. A distinctive ethnic schooling system has taken shape, across age groups. The photo shows first grade pupils taking a math class at the Mongolian Elementary School in West Ujimqin Banner on Oct. 21, 2009.
张领 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Zhang Ling)
1994年，中国开展大中专学生志愿者暑期支教活动，奔赴贫困地区和受灾地区中小学当老师。这是2011年3月，在山西省浮山县寨圪塔中学支教的于飞（右一）、王力鋆（右二）带领孩子们玩“老鹰捉小鸡”。
In 1994, China asked volunteers from college and vocational schools to join summer teaching activities, and become teachers in impoverished areas and disaster-hit areas. This photo shows Yu Fei (1st, R) and Wang Lijun (2nd, R) playing the game Chicken vs Hawk at Zhaigeta Township Middle School in north China’s Shanxi Province.
李虎威 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Li Huwei)
2012年，重庆市忠县针对义务教育阶段学生的“营养促进工程”实现全覆盖，共计8.6万人享受到“营养促进工程”。这是2012年3月30日，重庆市忠县复兴镇水坪村小学的学生在吃鸡蛋。
In 2012, Zhongxian County in southwest China’s Chongqing Municipality had its nutrition project covering all students receiving 9-year compulsory education, benefiting 86,000. This photo shows students eating eggs at Shuiping Village Elementary School.
刘潺 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Liu Chan)
截至2018年，中国共有幼儿园26.7万所，其中大部分新增幼儿园集中在农村。这是2017年9月6日，在贵州省黔东南苗族侗族自治州凯里市的开怀街道第十三幼儿园，新入园的4岁苗族小女孩潘承玥在吃“营养午餐”。
Pan Chengyue, 4, enjoys her nutritious lunch at No.13th Kindergarten, Kaili City in southwest China’s Guizhou Province. She just entered the kindergarten in September 2017.
By the end of 2018, China had 267,000 kindergartens, with many of the newest in the countryside. The photo shows
吴吉斌 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Wu Jibin)
2014年3月26日，中国发布《完善中华优秀传统文化教育指导纲要》。这是2015年9月28日，在孔子诞辰2566周年纪念日当天，广西壮族自治区柳州市举行祭孔大典，学生代表身着古代服装颂唱中国传统蒙学经典《千字文》。
On March 26, 2014, China resolved to improve teaching of traditional culture. This photo shows a student chanting part of the Thousand-Character Classic in Liuzhou in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region on Sept. 28, 2015, the 2,566th anniversary of the birth of Confucius.
黎寒池 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Li Hanchi)
截至2017年，中国小学学龄儿童净入学率达99.91%，课程设置更加丰富。这是2019年1月9日，北京延庆太平庄中心小学的学生在教练的指导下练习滑冰。该小学的季节性冰场可以保证学生在冬季每天进行冰上运动一小时。
By the end of 2017, the elementary school entry rate stood at 99.9%, and subjects taught are more diverse. The photo shows students practicing ice skating at Taipingzhuang Central Elementary School in Yanqing District, Beijing on Jan. 9, 2019. The school’s seasonal ice rink guarantees that students have an hour of skating every day in winter.
鞠焕宗 摄（来自新华社） (Xinhua/Ju Huanzong)
2017年9月1日，中国开始实施《民办教育促进法》，为民办教育健康发展提供了更为广阔的空间。这是2017年1月12日，坐落在北京80中枣营校区内的民办学校——一土小学内，学生与老师进行互动。
On Sept. 1, 2017, China provided more space for the development of private education by implementing the Law of Promoting Civilian-run Ecuation. This photo shows students enjoying class at the ETU School, a private school on the Zaoying campus of Beijing No.80 High School.
吴凯翔 摄（来自新华社） (Xinhua/Wu Kaixiang）
自1996年起，每年3月份最后一周的星期一是中国中小学生“安全教育日”。设立这一制度是为全面深入推动中小学生安全教育工作，大力降低各类伤亡事故的发生率，切实做好中小学生的安全保护工作。这是2019年3月25日，在河北省石家庄市振头小学“平安校园 安全你我”主题活动中，学生们参加消防体验活动。
Beginning in 1996, the last Monday in March has been designated “Safety Education Day” in middle and elementary schools. The mechanism is set to lower the chances of all kinds of accidents and makes middle and elementary school students safer. This photo shows students taking part in a fire drill at Zhentou Elementary School in Shijiazhuang, capital of north China’s Hebei Province.
梁子栋 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Liang Zidong)
近年来，中国推进人工智能教育向更加系统化、科学化、规范化、普惠化发展。这是2016年5月13日，重庆市北碚区200多名小学生来到重庆机器人世界参观，体验机器人世界的魅力，感受高科技给生活带来的变化。
In recent years, artificial intelligence education has become more systematic, scientific and standardized. Here, more than 200 elementary school students from Beibei District of Chongqing Municipality visit Chongqing Robot World on May 13, 2016.
秦廷富 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Qin Tingfu)
中国大力支持农村教育，实施农村寄宿制学校建设、教育脱贫攻坚等重大工程。据教育部统计，截至2019年3月，中国92.7%的县实现义务教育基本均衡发展，更多农村孩子享受到更好更公平的教育。这是2013年5月17日，江西武宁县鲁溪镇塔湾教学点的教师领着孩子到学校上课。
Support for rural education has led to construction of boarding schools and a commitment to poverty-relief through education. According to the Ministry of Education 92.7% of counties in China have even development of education, meaning more rural children have access to better and fairer education. This photo shows a teacher taking children to Tawan educational unit in Wuning County, east China’s Jiangxi Province, on May 17, 2013.
周科 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Zhou Ke)
近年来，中国加大中央财政和重大教育项目实施向民族地区倾斜，教育对口支援力度不断加大，民族地区教育整体发展水平和主要指标与内地的差距不断缩小。位于西藏自治区山南市浪卡子县的普玛江塘，平均海拔5373米，面积1200平方公里，是中国海拔最高的乡。这是2017年3月13日，孩子们在普玛江塘小学上课。
Central funds have been poured in to ethnic minority areas. As support increases, the overall educational level and main indexes in these areas have caught up, narrowing the gap between richer, coastal areas and more impoverished inland areas. Pumaqangtang in Nagarze County in Tibet Autonomous Region is the highest township in China, over 5,000 meters above sea level. This photo shows children in class at Pumaqangtang School on March 13, 2017.
普布扎西 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Purbu Tashi)
银井小学位于云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州瑞丽市姐相乡，于1960年3月建校。银井小学所在的银井村跨越中缅边境，中方称银井，缅方称芒秀，是典型的“一寨两国”村落。银井小学为了方便中缅两国的孩子读书，开设了汉语、傣语、缅语等课程，截至2019年3月，学校共有学生135人，其中缅甸籍学生36人。这是2019年3月9日，银井小学老师在辅导缅甸籍学生功课。
Yinjing Elementary School in southwest China’s Yunnan Province was built in March 1960. Yinjing Village, where the school lies, crosses the China-Myanmar border. The village is called Yinjing in China and Mangxiu in Myanmar. It is typical of many villages divided by the border. Yinjing Elementary School offers courses in Mandarin, Dai and Burmese. This year, the school had 135 students, including 36 from Myanmar. This photo shows a teacher answering a question from a student from Myanmar on March 9, 2019.
李晓果 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Li Xiaoguo)
截至2018年，中国共有特殊教育学校2152所，特殊教育在校生为66.6万人。这是2013年5月26日，一名宁夏回族自治区特教学校的盲人学生在用盲文教材学习。
China has 2,150 “Special Education Schools” hosting 666,000 students. Here, a blind student reads a textbook in braille in a special education school in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region on May 26, 2013.
王鹏 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Wang Peng)
截至2018年，中国共有初中阶段学校5.2万所，初中招生1602.6万人。这是2014年3月10日，山东省威海市经济技术开发区崮山中学学生在交互式多媒体教室上课，举手回答远程授课老师的提问。
By the end of 2018, China has 52,000 junior high schools, teaching 16 million students, around three times the entire population of Singapore.
In this photo, students raise their hands to answer a teacher’s question via a distance learning program in an interactive multimedia classroom at Gushan Middle School in the city of Weihai, east China’s Shandong Province, on March 10, 2014.
郭绪雷 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Guo Xulei)
近年来，中国中小学生的身高、体重、胸围等体态发育水平持续提高，肺活量呈上升趋势，营养状况持续改善，学生体质健康状况总体改善，身体素质呈现稳中向好趋势。这是2019年6月11日，在山东省淄博市沂源县西里中学，学生们在进行足球训练。
In recent years, middle and elementary school students have grown noticeably bigger and stronger. Their lung capacities have increased as nutrition improved. The overall health of students is improving, and their physical fitness is stable. This photo shows students at football training in Xili Middle School, Zibo City, in Shandong Province, on June 11, 2019.
赵东山 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Zhao Dongshan)
近年来，中国高中阶段教育普及水平提高，教师配置水平提升，学校办学条件得到进一步改善。2018年，中国有普通高中1.37万所，高中招生792.7万人。这是2019年6月4日，在湖南省衡阳县第一中学，一名高三学生在自习间隙活动手臂。
The level of high school education has consistently risen for many years now, with teachers better allocated and conditions in schools much improved. In 2018, 13,700 high schools had close to 8 million students. This photo shows a third grader stretching during break at No.1 Middle School in Hengyang County, central China’s Hunan Province, on June 4, 2019, three days before the national entrance exam to college was held.
曹正平 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Cao Zhengping)
2017年12月，中国启动万名教师援藏援疆计划，促进少数民族聚居地区的教育水平提高，促进内地与边疆地区的教育资源交流，促进教育资源均衡分配。这是2019年5月8日，在西藏自治区山南市第一高级中学，来自湖北省武汉市旅游学校的援藏教师在指导学生练习校园啦啦操。
In December 2017, China launched a program to send 10,000 teachers to Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Tibet Autonomous Region. It intended to improve education in general in these areas and increase exchanges of educational resources and staff. Here, a teacher leads students in a dance class at the No.1 High School in Shannan City, Tibet on May 8, 2019. The teacher is on an exchange from Wuhan Tourism School in the capital of central China’s Hubei Province.
张汝锋 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Zhang Rufeng)
近年来，中国现代职业教育体系初步建立，每年约有280万个家庭的子女进入职业高等院校学习。这是2019年5月23日，青海省工业职业技术学校2019春季机电技术应用班学生在进行数控车削加工实训。
A basic modern vocational school system is now well-established, with children from about 2.8 million families studying each year. This photo shows electromechanical engineering students practicing numerical control of a lathe at Qinghai Provincial Institute of Industrial Technology in northwest China on May 23, 2019.
张龙 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Zhang Long)
近年来，中国高铁及城际铁路发展迅速，相应乘务岗位需求较大，“动乘”专业招考人数增多。这是2015年3月8日，山东交通学院“铁路动车乘务专业考试”现场，考生们进行初试。
The rapid expansion of the high-speed rail network and intercity trains has brought high demand for train attendants, and courses have been enrolling more students. In this photo students take a preliminary test in advance of the high-speed train attendant exam at Shandong Jiaotong University on March 8, 2015.
赵晓明 摄（来自新华社）（Xinhua/Zhao Xiaoming）
近年来，高等教育加快普及进程。2018年，全国共招收普通、成人本专科学生1064.3万人。这是2014年9月2日，在南京航空航天大学理学院的新生报到点，新生与“学生证”特色背景合影留念。
In 2018, 10.6 million students were enrolled in higher education institutions. This photo shows a freshman posing with a “student ID” background at Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, college of science on Sept. 2, 2014.
孙参 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Sun Can)
通过实施“211工程”、“985工程”以及“优势学科创新平台”和“特色重点学科项目”等重点建设，中国一批重点高校和重点学科建设取得重大进展，带动了高等教育整体水平的提升，为经济社会持续健康发展作出了重要贡献。这是2017年5月6日，浙江大学数学系教授在为学生授课。
Through ventures like Project 211 and Project 985, the “superior discipline innovation platform,” and the “special key discipline project,” selected colleges and universities have made significant progress in key disciplines. This photo shows a mathematics professor teaching at Zhejiang University on May 6, 2017.
王定昶 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Wang Dingchang)
2013年6月19日，在韩国首尔召开的国际工程联盟大会经过正式表决，全票同意接纳中国科学技术协会成为《华盛顿协议》的预备成员。该协议是工程教育本科专业认证的国际互认协议，这也意味着中国高等工程教育取得新进展。这是国际工程联盟大会现场。
On June 19, 2013, a conference of the International Engineering Alliance in Seoul, the Republic of Korea, unanimously voted for the China Association for Science and Technology to be a probationary member of the Washington Accord. The accord is an international mutual recognition agreement on the basis of bachelor’s engineering degrees, significant progress for China’s higher engineering education. The photo shows the venue of the conference.
姚琪琳 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Yao Qilin)
近年来，中国实现了家庭经济困难学生资助全覆盖。最新数据显示，中国资助各级各类学校学生9126.1万人次，资助金额1688.8亿元。这是2016年8月31日，云南工商学院招生办公室老师付鹏飞（左一）带领刚入学的被帮扶新生熟悉校园环境。
China provides financial support to students from poor families, helping 91 million students with 169 billion yuan (about 24 billion U.S. dollars) of funds. This photo shows Fu Pengfei (1st, L) of the admission’s office of Yunnan Technology and Business University, shows freshmen who received financial aid around the campus.
刘玉和 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Liu Yuhe)
汕头大学是中国第一所组织师生前往南极科考探险的高校。2014年2月至3月，该校22名师生来到南极“极地学府”，跟随极地考察船上的科学家学习海洋学、地理学、自然科学、鸟类学、历史学等方面的知识，访问中国南极长城站，开展环境保护、极地生态等方面的科考活动。这是2014年2月27日，汕头大学南极科考队队员在南极大陆行走。
Shantou University was the first in China to organize a scientific research trip to the Antarctic for teachers and students. From February to March 2014, 22 teachers and students from the university went to Antarctica and followed scientists on a research ship, learn about oceanography, geography, natural science, ornithology and history. They visited the Chinese Antarctic Great Wall Station, and conducted environmental protection activities and ecological surveys. This photo shows some teachers and students who took part in the mission on Feb. 27, 2014.
（来自新华社）(Xinhua photo)
随着中国对高等教育的投入增加，普通高校办学条件不断改善，与教育质量提升紧密相关的教学科研仪器设备、信息化设备及上网课程资源等配置水平进一步提升。这是2018年11月8日，天津农学院食用菌栽培技术创新团队科研人员在生育室检查真姬菇。
As investment in higher education increased, teaching facilities in colleges and universities improved, with better research facilities, informatization equipment and online resources, all closely connected with teaching quality. This photo shows a member of an innovation team for the cultivation of edible fungus at Tianjin Agricultural University examining brown beech mushrooms, Hypsizigus marmoreus, on Nov. 8, 2018.
岳月伟 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Yue Yuewei)
中国高校已成为前沿技术研究和颠覆性技术创新基地，在服务国家和区域经济社会发展、发挥思想库和智囊团作用等方面成为重要战略支撑。这是2018年1月26日，“月宫365”实验换班仪式在北京航空航天大学“月宫一号”实验室举行，4名大学生自2017年7月9日换班入舱后已在这个密闭空间连续驻留200天，打破了由俄罗斯科研人员创造的在生物再生生命保障系统中连续驻留180天的世界纪录。
Chinese colleges and universities have become technological innovation bases, providing major support for national and regional development, and serving as think tanks.
This photo shows the handover of the “Yuegong-365” experiment, at “Yuegong-1,” a simulated space “cabin” at Beijing’s Beihang University, on Jan. 26, 2018. Four volunteers had stayed in the enclosed “cabin” since July 9, 2017, 200 consecutive days, breaking the record set by Russian scientists, who stayed in a bioregenerative life support system for 180 days.
罗晓光 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Luo Xiaoguang)
2012至2016年，中国基础教育阶段美术、艺术和音乐教师数量由60.4万人增加到69万人，增长14.3%，美育教师占教师总数的比例由5.7%增加到6.3%。这是2019年1月22日，美国加州大学洛杉矶分校音乐学院钢琴系主任因娜·法利克斯（右）在该校奥斯廷音乐中心通过互联网远程技术为中央音乐学院学生授课。
From 2012 to 2016, the number of fine arts and music teachers rose from 604,000 to 690,000, up 14.3%. The proportion of arts teachers rose from 5.7% to 6.3%.
This photo shows Inna Faliks (R), head of piano at UCLA Herb Alpert school of music, teaching students at Beijing’s Central Conservatory of Music via distance communication technology on Jan. 22, 2019.
高山 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Gao Shan)
近年来，中国乡村教师支持计划为农村地区补充了大批高素质教师，促进了教育公平，教师待遇稳步改善。这是2019年3月18日，在甘肃兰州火车站，西北师范大学589名实习支教生从兰州启程，乘坐专门开行的K4091次“支教专列”，奔赴新疆阿克苏地区。
Support for rural teachers has helped bring many high-quality teachers to the countryside. This photo shows some of the 589 intern teachers from Northwest Normal University departing Lanzhou in Gansu Province for Aksu in northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region on March 18, 2019. The train had been chartered especially for the teachers.
陈斌 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Chen Bin)
2015年起，中国全面深化高校创新创业教育改革，使高校的人才培养质量显著提升，学生的创新精神、创业意识和创新创业能力明显增强，投身创业实践的学生显著增加。这是2018年11月18日，中国石油大学（华东）举行大学生科技创新创业成果展，参观者在展览上体验科技创新作品“智能仿生手”。
Beginning in 2015, a sharper focus was put on innovation and entrepreneurship in colleges and universities and quality of the talent pool improved greatly. Students’ spirit of innovation and their entrepreneurial drive rose as more decided to go into business for themselves. This photo shows visitors trying out a “Smart Bionic Hand” at an expo for college students at the China University of Petroleum on Nov. 18, 2018.
俞方平 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Yu Fangping)
2018年，中国毕业研究生60.4万人，比上年增长4.5%。其中，博士毕业生6万人，硕士毕业生54万人。全国普通本专科毕业生753.3万人，比上年增长2.4%。这是2018年7月10日，北京大学毕业生在毕业典礼上。
In 2018, China had 600,000 students complete graduate studies, up 4.5% from 2017. Of them, 60,000 gained doctorates. The number with bachelor’s degrees and graduates from technical schools stood at 7.5 million, up 2.4%. This photo shows Peking University graduates at a graduation ceremony on July 10, 2018.
（来自新华社）(Xinhua photo)
中国教育水准的提升和环境的开放，吸引了越来越多的留学生来中国学习深造。这是2013年12月25日，中国石油大学（华东）青岛校区国际教育学院700余名外国留学生与中国老师和同学一起举办2014年新年联欢会。
Rising levels of education and an open environment have attracted more overseas students to study in China. This photo shows some of more than 700 international students of the college of international education at China University of Petroleum’s Qingdao campus attending a New Year gala on Dec. 25, 2013.
俞方平 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Yu Fangping)
2015年12月，中国科学家屠呦呦领取诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。 她率先从大量中医古籍中筛选出青蒿作为抗疟首选药物并发现青蒿有效部位乙醚提取物，让中国医药挽救了世界上数百万人的生命。
In December 2015, Tu Youyou accepted the 2015 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. Using classical texts of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), in 1972 Tu identified sweet wormwood as effective against malaria, and isolated the active agent, artemisinin. Treatments containing artemisinin derivatives are now a standard treatment for certain kinds of malaria, demonstrating how TCM has saved millions of lives around the world.
(来自新华社）(Xinhua photo)
20世纪50年代，在中医研究院中药研究所任研究实习员的屠呦呦（前右）与老师楼之岑一起研究中药。
This photo shows Tu Youyou, then a research assistant at the China Academy of Science Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, researching traditional Chinese medicine with her mentor Lou Zhicen in the 1950s.
（来自新华社）(Xinhua photo)
1991年6月15日，中国第一次在国外举办的“汉语水平考试”在新加坡举行，来自马来西亚、泰国、新加坡等地的100多名考生参加了考试。这是新加坡国立大学校园内“汉语水平考试”考场现场。
On June 15, 1991, the HSK, the Chinese proficiency test, took place overseas for the first time. Held in Singapore, more than 100 people from Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore took part. This photo shows the test underway on the campus of the National University of Singapore.
李永明 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Li Yongming)
1992年5月30日，新加坡德明政府中学华乐团与北京市中学生金帆民族管弦乐团在北京音乐厅联合演出，向首都青少年献上了一台中国民乐节目。
On May 30, 1992, the Chinese Orchestra of Singapore Dunman High School came together with the Beijing Middle School Students’ Jinfan Orchestra in a performance of Chinese folk music at the Beijing Concert Hall.
黄文 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Huang Wen)
1994年6月，来自新加坡南洋小学的12名汉语教师在北京语言学院汉语教师研修中心进修汉语教学法。这是南洋小学校长何振玉（中）和学员们在与他们的任课教师在校园中交谈。
In June 1994, 12 teachers from Singapore’s Nanyang Primary School went to the College of Advanced Chinese Learning at Beijing Language and Culture University to learn about Chinese teaching methods. This photo shows then principal of Nanyang Primary Ho Chin Geok (Center) and teachers from her school talking with Beijing Language and Culture University staff on campus.
李明放 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Li Mingfang)
2001年5月21日，新加坡义安理工学院的43名师生来到新疆和硕县塔哈其中心小学参与援建校舍。这个计划旨在通过为我国西部贫困地区修缮小学等系列活动，进一步加深中新两国青年之间的相互了解和传统友谊。这是新加坡理工学院的李秀珍同学在给塔哈其中心小学的学生上电脑课。
On May 21, 2001, teachers and students from Singapore’s Ngee Ann Polytechnic went to Tagarqi Central Elementary School in Hoxud County of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. By rebuilding and restoring elementary schools in impoverished western areas, the traditional friendship between young people of China and Singapore was renewed. This photo shows Lee Sau-chun, then a student at Singapore Polytechnic, teaching a Chinese student how to use a computer at Tagarqi Central Elementary School.
艾尼瓦尔 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Enwaer)
2002年12月，35名新加坡国立大学学生来到海南省琼海市嘉积镇龙池村进行为期20天的社会实践活动。他们帮助当地农民改善灌溉条件，并与农民同食同住。这是该村自2001年以来接待的第三批新加坡学生，也是人数最多的一批。
In December 2002, 35 students from the National University of Singapore went to Longchi Village in south China’s Hainan Province, for a 20-day participation in social practice. They dined and lived with local farmers and helped them improve their irrigation techniques. It was the third and biggest group of students the village had received from Singapore since 2001.
蒙钟德 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Meng Zhongde)
2007年11月6日，来自新加坡尚志中学的20名学生来到山东省济南市学习中国的制陶工艺。这是新加坡尚志中学的学生们在陶艺老师的指导下制作陶艺作品。
On Nov. 6, 2007, 20 students from Singapore’s Chai Chee Secondary School came to Jinan, capital of Shandong Province, to learn the art of pottery. This photo shows the Chai Chee students making pottery products under the guidance of a local teacher.
范长国 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Fan Changguo)
2010年6月1日，38名新加坡圣婴小学的学生在福建省邵武市实验小学与中国学生一起互动联欢，共度“六一”国际儿童节。两校从2008年起结成“姐妹学校”，此次是第二次派老师和学生到邵武开展学习交流活动。这是邱甲明（前中）等5名新加坡圣婴小学四年级学生带着福建省邵武市实验小学学生学跳舞。
On June 1, 2010, 38 students from Singapore’s Holy Innocents’ Primary School celebrated International Children’s Day with Chinese students at Shaowu City Experimental Elementary School in east China’s Fujian Province. The two schools became “sister schools” in 2008. It was the second visit for Holy Innocents teachers and students to Shaowu. This photo shows Qiu Jiaming (Center, front) and four other Grade Four students from the Singapore teaching Shaowu students to dance.
林传仁 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/Lin Chuanren)
2012年3月13日，新加坡万慈学校和中国南通师范第二附属小学的学生在体育课上“合作跑”。当日，新加坡万慈学校中华文化“浸濡游学”之旅抵达江苏南通，35名新加坡学生进入中国南通师范第二附属小学课堂，开始接受为期三天的中国传统文化教育与熏陶。
On March 13, 2012, students from Singapore’s Red Swastika School joined those from the elementary school attached to Nantong Normal College for a physical education class. A total of 35 students from Red Swastika spent three days on learning traditional Chinese culture at the school.
尤炼 摄（来自新华社）(Xinhua/You Lian)
